Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Williams LakeMore information: British Columbia [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	11,906
Population, 2016¹	11,702^r
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	1.7
Total private dwellings²	5,466
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	5,109
Population density per square kilometre	430.0
Land area in square kilometres	27.69
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	11,900
0 to 14 years	2,035
0 to 4 years	645
5 to 9 years	675
10 to 14 years	715
15 to 64 years	7,495
15 to 19 years	695
20 to 24 years	730
25 to 29 years	810
30 to 34 years	800
35 to 39 years	770
40 to 44 years	710
45 to 49 years	700
50 to 54 years	755
55 to 59 years	740
60 to 64 years	780
65 years and over	2,375
65 to 69 years	735
70 to 74 years	595
75 to 79 years	410
80 to 84 years	300
85 years and over	330
85 to 89 years	205
90 to 94 years	115
95 to 99 years	5
100 years and over	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1
15 to 64 years	63.0
65 years and over	20.0
85 years and over	2.8
Average age of the population	41.6
Median age of the population	40.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	5,110
Single-detached house	2,520
Semi-detached house	235
Row house	360
Apartment or flat in a duplex	520
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	955
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5
Other single-attached house	15
Movable dwelling⁴	500
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	5,110
1 person	1,685
2 persons	1,785
3 persons	710
4 persons	565
5 or more persons	365
Number of persons in private households	11,660
Average household size	2.3
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	9,865
Married or living common-law	5,245
Married	3,820
Living common-law	1,425
Living common law - Never married	1,095
Living common law - Separated	75
Living common law - Divorced	230
Living common law - Widowed	30
Not married and not living common-law	4,620
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,935
Not married and not living common law - Separated	380
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	685
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	625
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	3,225
2 persons	1,835
3 persons	610
4 persons	515
5 or more persons	260
Average size of census families	2.8
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	3,225
Total couple families	2,550
Married couples	1,840
With children⁶	815
Without children	1,025
Common-law couples	715
With children⁶	320
Without children	395
Total one-parent families	670
in which the parent is a woman+	520
in which the parent is a man+	150
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	11,660
Total - Persons in census families	8,970
Married spouses or common-law partners	5,105
Parents in one-parent families	675
Children⁶	3,195
In a two-parent family	2,140
In a one-parent family	1,055
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,685
Living alone	1,685
Living with other relatives⁷	345
Living with non-relatives only	655
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	5,110
One-census-family households without additional persons	2,785
Couple-family households	2,280
With children⁶	1,015
Without children	1,260
One-parent-family households	510
Multigenerational households⁸	100
Multiple-census-family households⁹	30
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	235
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	275
One-person households	1,685
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	9,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,390
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,135
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,710
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,865
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,110
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,550
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	9,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,375
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,385
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,040
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,160
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	6,710
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	47,640
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,910
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,540
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,050
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,830
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,545
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,720
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	9,670
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,130
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	69,000
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,725
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	32,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	79.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	67.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	20.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.7
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	9,625
Without total income	235
With total income	9,390
Under $10,000 (including loss)	710
$10,000 to $19,999	1,110
$20,000 to $29,999	1,430
$30,000 to $39,999	1,325
$40,000 to $49,999	1,090
$50,000 to $59,999	840
$60,000 to $69,999	685
$70,000 to $79,999	580
$80,000 to $89,999	405
$90,000 to $99,999	315
$100,000 and over	915
$100,000 to $149,999	730
$150,000 and over	185
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	9,625
Without after-tax income	225
With after-tax income	9,395
Under $10,000 (including loss)	740
$10,000 to $19,999	1,150
$20,000 to $29,999	1,610
$30,000 to $39,999	1,510
$40,000 to $49,999	1,205
$50,000 to $59,999	920
$60,000 to $69,999	745
$70,000 to $79,999	500
$80,000 to $89,999	390
$90,000 to $99,999	235
$100,000 and over	385
$100,000 to $124,999	245
$125,000 and over	140
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	9,625
Without employment income	2,915
With employment income	6,710
Under $5,000 (including loss)	775
$5,000 to $9,999	525
$10,000 to $19,999	745
$20,000 to $29,999	630
$30,000 to $39,999	680
$40,000 to $49,999	635
$50,000 to $59,999	505
$60,000 to $69,999	510
$70,000 to $79,999	435
$80,000 to $89,999	290
$90,000 to $99,999	255
$100,000 and over	725
$100,000 to $124,999	435
$125,000 and over	290
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	9,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,130
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,145
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	8,075
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,900
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	38,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	6,530
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	995
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	9,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,110
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,840
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,120
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	8,045
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,920
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,870
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	45,680
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	6,610
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,830
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	915
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	9,670
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,090
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,545
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,280
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0
Market income (%)	84.8
Employment income (%)	73.6
Government transfers (%)	15.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	5,110
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	78,500
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	70,500
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,685
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,200
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	37,200
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	3,420
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	102,000
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	90,000
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	5,125
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	92,600
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,600
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,680
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	52,300
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	45,760
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	3,450
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	112,200
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	97,500
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	5,110
Under $5,000	25
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	45
$15,000 to $19,999	130
$20,000 to $24,999	255
$25,000 to $29,999	205
$30,000 to $34,999	170
$35,000 to $39,999	220
$40,000 to $44,999	250
$45,000 to $49,999	200
$50,000 to $59,999	370
$60,000 to $69,999	350
$70,000 to $79,999	365
$80,000 to $89,999	340
$90,000 to $99,999	265
$100,000 and over	1,890
$100,000 to $124,999	645
$125,000 to $149,999	455
$150,000 to $199,999	495
$200,000 and over	295
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	5,110
Under $5,000	30
$5,000 to $9,999	15
$10,000 to $14,999	50
$15,000 to $19,999	135
$20,000 to $24,999	265
$25,000 to $29,999	230
$30,000 to $34,999	205
$35,000 to $39,999	255
$40,000 to $44,999	260
$45,000 to $49,999	220
$50,000 to $59,999	440
$60,000 to $69,999	435
$70,000 to $79,999	400
$80,000 to $89,999	355
$90,000 to $99,999	325
$100,000 and over	1,490
$100,000 to $124,999	650
$125,000 to $149,999	365
$150,000 and over	470
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	3,235
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	100,000
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	88,000
Average family size of economic families	2.9
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	1,320
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	91,000
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,000
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,140
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	133,000
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	115,000
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	640
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	66,500
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	62,800
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,340
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	39,200
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	36,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	3,260
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	111,300
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,500
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,340
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	109,300
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	93,200
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,130
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	136,000
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	117,600
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	640
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	71,600
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,400
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,290
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	48,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,920
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	11,660
0 to 17 years	2,470
0 to 5 years	765
18 to 64 years	7,015
65 years and over	2,180
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,280
0 to 17 years	300
0 to 5 years	110
18 to 64 years	610
65 years and over	370
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.7
65 years and over (%)	17.0
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	11,660
0 to 17 years	2,465
0 to 5 years	765
18 to 64 years	7,015
65 years and over	2,175
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	350
0 to 17 years	95
0 to 5 years	35
18 to 64 years	230
65 years and over	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3
65 years and over (%)	1.1
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	11,655
In bottom half of the distribution	6,125
In bottom decile	1,160
In second decile	1,215
In third decile	1,315
In fourth decile	1,205
In fifth decile	1,235
In top half of the distribution	5,535
In sixth decile	1,150
In seventh decile	1,240
In eighth decile	1,210
In ninth decile	1,130
In top decile	800
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	11,660
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.297
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.427
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.266
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	11,670
English only	11,160
French only	0
English and French	460
Neither English nor French	50
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	11,670
English	11,520
French	95
English and French	10
Neither English nor French	45
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	11,670
Single responses	11,445
Official languages	10,420
English	10,300
French	120
Non-official languages	1,025
Indigenous languages³⁹	125
Algonquian languages	5
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	5
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	115
Northern Athabaskan languages	115
Dakelh (Carrier)	5
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	100
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	5
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	5
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	900
Afro-Asiatic languages	20
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	20
Amharic	0
Arabic	20
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	70
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	5
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	10
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	665
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	40
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	5
Polish	5
Russian	15
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	5
Bosnian	0
Croatian	5
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	195
Frisian	0
High German languages	120
German	110
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	5
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	65
Afrikaans	35
Dutch	30
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	5
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	5
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	340
Indo-Aryan languages	335
Assamese	0
Bengali	15
Gujarati	0
Hindi	10
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	295
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90
Catalan	0
Italian	15
Portuguese	20
Romanian	0
Spanish	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	15
Korean	40
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55
Chinese languages	45
Hakka	0
Mandarin	25
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	15
Estonian	0
Finnish	10
Hungarian	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	225
English and French	30
English and non-official language(s)	180
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	11,670
English	10,595
French	5
Non-official language	235
Indigenous³⁹	15
Non-Indigenous	225
English and French	55
English and non-official language(s)	760
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	15
Multiple non-official languages	5
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	11,670
Single responses	11,530
Official languages	11,040
English	11,030
French	10
Non-official languages	490
Indigenous languages³⁹	20
Algonquian languages	5
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	5
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	20
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	20
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	465
Afro-Asiatic languages	15
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	15
Amharic	0
Arabic	15
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	40
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	5
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	320
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	10
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	5
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	30
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	25
Afrikaans	25
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260
Indo-Aryan languages	255
Assamese	0
Bengali	10
Gujarati	0
Hindi	10
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	230
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25
Catalan	0
Italian	5
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	20
Korean	40
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	5
American Sign Language	5
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20
Chinese languages	20
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	145
English and French	5
English and non-official language(s)	135
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	11,670
None	10,950
English	230
French	45
Non-official language	385
Indigenous³⁹	105
Non-Indigenous	280
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	25
French and non-official language(s)	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	25
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	11,715
Official languages	11,655
English	11,655
French	500
Non-official languages	1,490
Indigenous languages³⁹	230
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	180
Northern Athabaskan languages	180
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0
Tahltan	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	180
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Cayuga	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	35
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	35
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Hausa	0
Mina	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Harari	0
Hebrew	0
Maltese	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0
Austronesian languages	130
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Fijian	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Kinaray-a	0
Malagasy languages	0
Merina	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	125
Waray-Waray	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Krio	0
Morisyen	0
Sango	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Tulu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0
Indo-European languages	950
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	65
Belarusian	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	10
Macedonian	0
Polish	10
Russian	30
Rusyn	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	20
Irish	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Welsh	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	275
Frisian	0
High German languages	190
German	180
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	15
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	85
Afrikaans	45
Dutch	40
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	10
Danish	10
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	380
Indo-Aryan languages	380
Assamese	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	140
Kacchi	0
Kashmiri	0
Konkani	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Oriya languages	0
Odia	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	340
Rohingya	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	25
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Baluchi	0
Kurdish	0
Parsi	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	225
Catalan	0
Italian	30
Portuguese	10
Romanian	0
Spanish	185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	45
Korean	55
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	10
Akan (Twi)	10
Bamanankan	0
Edo	0
Éwé	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Gikuyu	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Luba-Kasai	0
Mòoré	0
Mwani	0
Ndebele	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Soninke	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0
Swahili	0
Wojenaka	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nuer	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
African, n.o.s.	0
Sign languages	30
American Sign Language	30
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35
Chinese languages	35
Hakka	0
Mandarin	15
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Kazakh	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,715
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,780
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,695
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,995
Métis	695
Inuk (Inuit)	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	55
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30
Non-Indigenous identity	8,935
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	11,715
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	1,645
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,065
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	5,125
Owner	3,190
Renter	1,935
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	5,125
Condominium	405
Not condominium	4,720
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	5,125
No bedrooms	20
1 bedroom	510
2 bedrooms	1,455
3 bedrooms	1,500
4 or more bedrooms	1,645
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	5,125
1 to 4 rooms	1,350
5 rooms	865
6 rooms	695
7 rooms	625
8 or more rooms	1,585
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	5,125
One person or fewer per room	5,075
More than one person per room	55
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	5,125
Suitable	4,915
Not suitable	210
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	5,125
1960 or before	500
1961 to 1980	2,790
1981 to 1990	625
1991 to 2000	610
2001 to 2005	115
2006 to 2010	240
2011 to 2015	120
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	125
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	5,125
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	4,675
Major repairs needed	455
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	5,125
One-maintainer household	2,880
Two-maintainer household	2,010
Three-or-more-maintainer household	235
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	5,125
15 to 24 years	240
25 to 34 years	805
35 to 44 years	780
45 to 54 years	840
55 to 64 years	905
65 to 74 years	880
75 to 84 years	535
85 years and over	140
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	5,120
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,440
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	680
30% to less than 100%	605
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	5,125
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,190
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	580
Not suitable only	145
Major repairs needed only	325
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	20
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	75
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	45
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0
Acceptable housing	3,940
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	5,050
In core need	250
Not in core need	4,800
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,195
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	55.4
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.9
% in core housing need⁶³	1.0
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	840
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,075
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	324,000
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	332,000
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,935
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.8
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	25.4
% in core housing need⁶³	11.6
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	930
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	978
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	11,710
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,585
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,555
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,400
Métis single ancestry	150
Inuit single ancestry	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,325
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,275
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	960
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	8,800
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	11,715
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	11,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,445
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,775
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	490
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	11,715
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	10,480
Immigrants⁸¹	1,060
Before 1980	465
1980 to 1990	60
1991 to 2000	115
2001 to 2010	115
2011 to 2021⁸²	315
2011 to 2015	140
2016 to 2021	175
Non-permanent residents⁸³	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,065
Under 5 years	150
5 to 14 years	145
15 to 24 years	270
25 to 44 years	420
45 years and over	80
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,065
Americas	205
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
El Salvador	0
Guyana	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	20
Peru	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0
United States of America	150
Other places of birth in Americas	25
Europe	360
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Croatia	0
France	10
Germany	65
Greece	0
Hungary	0
Italy	20
Netherlands	30
Poland	0
Portugal	15
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	120
Other places of birth in Europe	70
Africa	60
Algeria	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	45
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	415
Afghanistan	0
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	15
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Korea, South⁹²	35
Taiwan	0
Philippines	95
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
India	230
Pakistan	10
Sri Lanka	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	25
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	175
Americas	20
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Mexico	10
United States of America	10
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0
Europe	10
France	0
Germany	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
Italy	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0
Africa	30
Algeria	0
Burundi	0
Cameroon	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0
Egypt	0
Eritrea	0
Ethiopia	0
Morocco	0
Nigeria	0
Somalia	0
South Africa, Republic of	15
Sudan⁹⁷	0
Tunisia	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15
Asia	105
Afghanistan	0
Bangladesh	0
China⁹⁰	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
India	65
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Japan	0
Jordan	0
Korea, South⁹²	0
Lebanon	0
Nepal	0
Pakistan	0
Philippines	15
Saudi Arabia	0
Sri Lanka	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
United Arab Emirates	0
Viet Nam	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0
Oceania and other⁹³	10
Australia	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	11,715
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,315
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,635
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,760
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	600
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	335
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	185
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	155
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	230
Refugees¹⁰⁸	20
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	600
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	130
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	90
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	355
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	11,715
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	990
South Asian	425
Chinese	70
Black	60
Filipino	160
Arab	0
Latin American	60
Southeast Asian	50
West Asian	0
Korean	45
Japanese	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	15
Multiple visible minorities	45
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	10,720
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	11,715
Canadian	1,735
English	2,975
Irish	1,830
Scottish	2,135
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,000
German	1,820
Chinese	110
Italian	325
Indian (India)	285
Ukrainian	700
Dutch	590
Polish	305
Québécois	10
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	365
Filipino	140
French Canadian	90
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	385
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	1,100
Métis	545
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	150
Russian	220
Norwegian	525
Welsh	290
Portuguese	35
American	195
Spanish	85
Swedish	350
Hungarian	90
Acadian	15
Pakistani	10
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	20
Jewish	20
Punjabi	75
Vietnamese	30
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0
Greek	30
Jamaican	25
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	150
Korean	55
Romanian	50
Lebanese	0
Iranian	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25
Danish	130
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	385
Sikh	100
Austrian	155
Belgian	50
Haitian	0
Hindu	0
Mexican	90
Mennonite	45
Swiss	95
Finnish	105
Sri Lankan	0
Croatian	15
Japanese	90
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	30
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	25
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	105
Muslim	0
Egyptian	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10
Tamil	0
Icelandic	65
Colombian	0
Moroccan	0
Czech	40
Syrian	0
Guyanese	0
Afghan	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	25
Serbian	0
Ojibway	25
Newfoundlander	25
Hong Konger	0
Ontarian	20
Persian	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0
Turkish	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0
Bangladeshi	0
Algerian	0
Brazilian	0
Nigerian	0
Armenian	0
Slovak	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	15
Somali	0
Taiwanese	0
Iraqi	0
Salvadorean	20
African Caribbean	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0
Algonquin	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0
Lithuanian	10
South African	55
Australian	30
Palestinian	0
Chilean	0
Congolese	0
Nova Scotian	15
Ethiopian	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0
Peruvian	0
Yoruba	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0
Berber	0
Albanian	0
Maltese	0
Macedonian	10
Slovenian	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0
New Brunswicker	0
Gujarati	0
Eritrean	0
African Canadian	0
Israeli	0
Mohawk	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0
Bulgarian	0
Albertan	15
Ghanaian	0
Barbadian	0
African American	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	15
Tunisian	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	15
Cuban	0
Bosnian	0
Venezuelan	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0
Latvian	10
Bengali	20
Cameroonian	0
Guatemalan	0
Indonesian	0
Laotian	0
Ilocano	35
Northern Irish	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	15
British Columbian	35
Ecuadorian	0
Franco Ontarian	0
Argentinian	0
Estonian	10
Kurdish	0
Fijian	15
Jatt	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	30
Coptic	0
Thai	0
Dominican	0
Nepali	0
Kabyle	0
Assyrian	0
Igbo	0
Byelorussian	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0
Abenaki	0
Moldovan	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0
New Zealander	10
Sudanese	0
Breton	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10
Malaysian	0
Plains Cree	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0
Huron (Wendat)	0
Saskatchewanian	0
Buddhist	0
Gaspesian	0
Norman	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0
Ivorian	0
Saulteaux	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0
Burundian	0
Tigrinya	0
Nicaraguan	0
Mauritian	0
Kenyan	0
Oji-Cree	0
Vincentian	0
Jordanian	0
Manitoban	0
Cape Bretoner	0
Rwandan	0
Grenadian	0
Malayali	0
Chaldean	0
Sinhalese	0
Mayan	0
Honduran	0
Cherokee	15
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0
Indo-Caribbean	0
Flemish	10
United Empire Loyalist	0
Senegalese	0
Azerbaijani	0
Sicilian	0
Pashtun	0
Malay	0
Goan	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0
Tibetan	0
Zimbabwean	0
Burmese	0
Mongolian	0
Azorean	0
Atikamekw	0
Bamileke	0
Indo-Guyanese	0
Ugandan	0
Oromo	0
Tanzanian	0
Yemeni	0
Central African	0
Libyan	0
Basque	0
Uruguayan	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0
Igorot	0
Fulani	0
Woodland Cree	0
Guinean	0
St. Lucian	0
Prince Edward Islander	0
Maliseet	0
Beninese	0
Telugu	0
Roma	0
Costa Rican	0
African Nova Scotian	0
Malagasy	0
Kashmiri	0
Singaporean	0
Karen	0
Edo	0
Tajik	0
Amhara	0
Paraguayan	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	11,715
Buddhist	25
Christian	4,070
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,085
Anabaptist	125
Anglican	320
Baptist	45
Catholic	1,285
Christian Orthodox	30
Jehovah's Witness	115
Latter Day Saints	60
Lutheran	165
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	125
Presbyterian	25
Reformed	25
United Church	280
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	385
Hindu	45
Jewish	15
Muslim	25
Sikh	315
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	40
Other religions and spiritual traditions	105
No religion and secular perspectives	7,065
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	11,595
Non-movers	9,785
Movers	1,810
Non-migrants	1,225
Migrants	590
Internal migrants	530
Intraprovincial migrants	410
Interprovincial migrants	120
External migrants	50
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	11,075
Non-movers	5,755
Movers	5,320
Non-migrants	2,035
Migrants	3,280
Internal migrants	2,990
Intraprovincial migrants	2,525
Interprovincial migrants	465
External migrants	290
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,670
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	2,445
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	7,220
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,985
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,055
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	4,925
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,155
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,395
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,120
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	970
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	350
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	625
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	395
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,300
Bachelor's degree	870
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50
Master's degree	290
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	5,980
No certificate, diploma or degree	895
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,945
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,895
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	620
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	175
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	990
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275
Bachelor's degree or higher	1,050
Bachelor's degree	685
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50
Master's degree	240
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	5,550
Education	365
13. Education	365
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	100
Humanities	185
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10
23. English language and literature/letters	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45
54. History	15
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75
22. Legal professions and studies	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	60
45. Social sciences	125
Business, management and public administration	715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	620
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25
25. Library science	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,040
04. Architecture and related services	15
14. Engineering	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	245
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380
48. Precision production	175
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	170
Health and related fields	670
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	645
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	275
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	145
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	90
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	5,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,035
Education	260
13. Education	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20
50. Visual and performing arts	80
Humanities	105
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30
54. History	10
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55
22. Legal professions and studies	45
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0
42. Psychology	50
45. Social sciences	100
Business, management and public administration	515
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0
40. Physical sciences	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10
25. Library science	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	740
04. Architecture and related services	10
14. Engineering	70
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0
46. Construction trades	180
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280
48. Precision production	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	120
Health and related fields	470
30.37 Design for human health	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	450
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	190
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0
43. Security and protective services	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	60
Other¹⁷⁹	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	5,980
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	2,945
Location of study inside Canada	2,560
Same as province or territory of residence	2,115
Different than province or territory of residence	445
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	385
Americas	85
United States of America	75
Mexico	0
Cuba	0
Haiti	0
Jamaica	0
Brazil	0
Colombia	0
Peru	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0
Europe	85
Belgium	0
France	0
Germany	0
Netherlands	10
Switzerland	0
Hungary	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0
Poland	0
Romania	0
Russian Federation	0
Ukraine	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0
Italy	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0
Other locations of study in Europe	20
Africa	25
Nigeria	0
Algeria	0
Morocco	0
Tunisia	0
Egypt	0
South Africa, Republic of	25
Other locations of study in Africa	0
Asia	160
Iran⁸⁸	0
Iraq	0
Israel	0
Lebanon	0
Syria⁸⁹	0
Turkey	0
China⁹⁰	0
Taiwan	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0
Japan	0
Korea, South⁹²	20
Philippines	75
Viet Nam	0
Bangladesh	0
Sri Lanka	0
India	60
Pakistan	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0
Oceania	20
Australia	0
New Zealand	20
Other locations of study in Oceania	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	9,670
In the labour force	5,895
Employed	5,415
Unemployed	475
Not in the labour force	3,775
Participation rate	61.0
Employment rate	56.0
Unemployment rate	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	9,670
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,605
Worked	6,060
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,190
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	2,870
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	5,890
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	5,785
Employee	5,185
Permanent position	4,345
Temporary position	845
Fixed term (1 year or more)	160
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	685
Self-employed¹⁹²	600
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	5,890
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All occupations¹⁹¹	5,785
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	65
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	805
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	315
3 Health occupations	455
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	685
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	105
6 Sales and service occupations	1,540
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,155
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	410
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	5,890
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	110
All industries¹⁹¹	5,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	315
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	295
22 Utilities	25
23 Construction	390
31-33 Manufacturing	610
41 Wholesale trade	145
44-45 Retail trade	780
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195
51 Information and cultural industries	50
52 Finance and insurance	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	190
61 Educational services	365
62 Health care and social assistance	850
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105
72 Accommodation and food services	410
81 Other services (except public administration)	250
91 Public administration	425
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,450
English	6,365
French	0
Non-official language	0
Indigenous³⁹	0
Non-Indigenous	0
English and French	20
English and non-official language(s)	60
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,450
Single responses	6,450
Official languages	6,440
English	6,435
French	10
Non-official languages	10
Indigenous languages³⁹	0
Algonquian languages	0
Blackfoot	0
Cree-Innu languages	0
Atikamekw	0
Cree languages	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0
Naskapi	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0
Mi'kmaq	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0
Oji-Cree	0
Ojibway languages	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0
Athabaskan languages	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0
Gwich'in	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0
Tahltan languages	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0
Tutchone languages	0
Northern Tutchone	0
Southern Tutchone	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0
Tlingit	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0
Haida	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0
Inuinnaqtun	0
Inuvialuktun	0
Inuktitut	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0
Iroquoian languages	0
Mohawk	0
Oneida	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0
Michif	0
Salish languages	0
Halkomelem	0
Lillooet	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0
Squamish	0
Straits	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0
Siouan languages	0
Assiniboine	0
Dakota	0
Stoney	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tsimshian languages	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0
Nisga'a	0
Tsimshian	0
Wakashan languages	0
Haisla	0
Heiltsuk	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0
Non-Indigenous languages	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0
Berber languages	0
Kabyle	0
Tamazight	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0
Chadic languages	0
Coptic	0
Cushitic languages	0
Bilen	0
Oromo	0
Somali	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Semitic languages	0
Amharic	0
Arabic	0
Aramaic languages	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0
Hebrew	0
Tigrigna	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0
Vietnamese	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0
Austronesian languages	0
Bikol	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0
Cebuano	0
Hiligaynon	0
Ilocano	0
Indonesian	0
Kankanaey	0
Malagasy languages	0
Malay	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0
Pangasinan	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0
Creole languages	0
Haitian Creole	0
Jamaican English Creole	0
Morisyen	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0
Dravidian languages	0
Kannada	0
Malayalam	0
Tamil	0
Telugu	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0
Georgian	0
Indo-European languages	0
Albanian	0
Armenian	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0
Baltic languages	0
Latvian	0
Lithuanian	0
Slavic languages	0
Bulgarian	0
Czech	0
Macedonian	0
Polish	0
Russian	0
Serbo-Croatian	0
Bosnian	0
Croatian	0
Serbian	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0
Slovak	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0
Ukrainian	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0
Celtic languages	0
Scottish Gaelic	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0
Germanic languages	0
Frisian	0
High German languages	0
German	0
Pennsylvania German	0
Swiss German	0
Yiddish	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0
Afrikaans	0
Dutch	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0
Low Saxon	0
Plautdietsch	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0
Scandinavian languages	0
Danish	0
Icelandic	0
Norwegian	0
Swedish	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0
Greek	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0
Bengali	0
Gujarati	0
Hindi	0
Kacchi	0
Marathi	0
Nepali	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0
Sindhi	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0
Urdu	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0
Iranian languages	0
Kurdish	0
Pashto	0
Persian languages	0
Dari	0
Iranian Persian	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0
Catalan	0
Italian	0
Portuguese	0
Romanian	0
Spanish	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0
Japanese	0
Korean	0
Mongolian	0
Niger-Congo languages	0
Akan (Twi)	0
Edo	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0
Ga	0
Ganda	0
Igbo	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0
Lingala	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0
Shona	0
Swahili	0
Wolof	0
Yoruba	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0
Dinka	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0
Sign languages	0
American Sign Language	0
Quebec Sign Language	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0
Chinese languages	0
Hakka	0
Mandarin	0
Min Dong	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0
Burmese	0
Karenic languages	0
S'gaw Karen	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0
Tibetan	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0
Lao	0
Thai	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0
Turkic languages	0
Azerbaijani	0
Turkish	0
Uyghur	0
Uzbek	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0
Uralic languages	0
Estonian	0
Finnish	0
Hungarian	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0
Multiple responses	0
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,450
None	6,370
English	15
French	10
Non-official language	60
Indigenous³⁹	25
Non-Indigenous	30
English and French	0
English and non-official language(s)	0
French and non-official language(s)	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0
Multiple non-official languages	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,410
Worked at home	420
Worked outside Canada	0
No fixed workplace address	610
Usual place of work	4,380
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	4,385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	810
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	125
Commute to a different province or territory	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,995
Car, truck or van	4,350
Car, truck or van - as a driver	3,955
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	400
Public transit	160
Walked	350
Bicycle	45
Other method	90
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,995
Less than 15 minutes	3,650
15 to 29 minutes	785
30 to 44 minutes	165
45 to 59 minutes	140
60 minutes and over	255
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,995
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	520
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	550
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,245
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	555
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	790
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,515
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	130
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,385
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,820
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	100
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	45
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,720

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released March 29, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 31, 2023).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Report a problem on this page

Is something not working? Is there information outdated? Can't find what you're looking for?

Please contact us and let us know how we can help you.

Privacy notice

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Symbol legend

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of PopulationProfile table

Add a geography

Add or remove data

Symbol legend

Source

How to cite

Note(s):

Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table